How Charts Lie: Getting Smarter about Visual Information
Alberto Cairo
Top 10 Best Quotes
“Rationalization is a dialogue with ourselves or with like-minded brains. Reasoning, on the other hand, is an honest and open conversation in which we try to persuade interlocutors who don't necessarily agree with us beforehand with arguments that are as universally valid, coherent, and detailed as possible, while opening ourselves to persuasion.”
“There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics,”
“The world cannot be understood without numbers. And it cannot be understood with numbers alone.”
“The lesson we learn from Nightingale's experience is that, as painful as it may sound, we humans are barely able to reason on our own or when surrounded by like-minded people. When we try to reason this way, we end up rationalizing because we use arguments as self-reinforcing virtue signals. And the worst news is that the more intelligent we are and the more information we have access to, the more successful our rationalizations are. This is in part because we're more aware of what the members of the groups -- political parties, churches, and others -- that we belong to think, and we try to align with them. On the other hand, if you are exposed to an opinion and don't know where the opinion comes from, you're more likely to think about it on its merits.”
“Any chart, no matter how well designed, will mislead us if we don’t pay attention to it.”
“Well-designed charts are empowering. They enable conversations. They imbue us with X-ray vision, allowing us to peek through the complexity of large amounts of data. Charts are often the best way to reveal patterns and trends hidden behind the numbers we encounter in our lives.”
“This thoroughness in the presentation of information is what distinguishes information from propaganda. Propaganda is information presented in a simplistic manner with the intention of shaping public opinion, highlighting what the propagandist believes strengthens his or her case and omitting what may refute it.”
“The more we cherish an idea, the more we’ll love any chart that corroborates it, no matter how simplistic that chart is.”
“The best antidote to a misguided belief is not just truthful information. Instead, it is doubt and uncertainty, cracks in the edifice of belief through which truthful information can later leak in.”
“Perhaps it's time for this principle of verification to stop being just a journalistic ethical mandate and become instead a civic responsibility -- the responsibility to assess whether what we share publicly looks and sounds right, if only to preserve the quality of our information ecosystems and public discourse. We know intuitively that we ought to use hammers responsibly -- to build, not to destroy. We ought to begin thinking about other technologies such as charts and social media in the same way so instead of being part of the misinformation and disinformation malady that currently ails us, we become part of society's immune system.”
Except where otherwise noted, all rights reserved to the author(s) of this book (mentioned above). The content of this page serves solely as promotional material for the aforementioned book. If you enjoyed these quotes, you can support the author(s) by acquiring the full book from Amazon.
Book Keywords:
information-literacy, journalism, group-think, misinformation, propaganda, truth, reason, ethics, critical-thinking, knowledge, rationalization
